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Changeset db48e000741d

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committed by Kevin Gessner

authored by Kevin Gessner

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 # objects.py -- Access to base git objects  # Copyright (C) 2007 James Westby <jw+debian@jameswestby.net>  # Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Jelmer Vernooij <jelmer@samba.org>  #  # This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or  # modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License  # as published by the Free Software Foundation; version 2  # of the License or (at your option) a later version of the License.  #  # This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,  # but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of  # MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the  # GNU General Public License for more details.  #  # You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License  # along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software  # Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston,  # MA 02110-1301, USA.    """Access to base git objects."""    import binascii  from cStringIO import (   StringIO,   )  import os  import posixpath  import stat  import warnings  import zlib    from dulwich.errors import (   ChecksumMismatch,   NotBlobError,   NotCommitError,   NotTagError,   NotTreeError,   ObjectFormatException,   )  from dulwich.file import GitFile  from dulwich._compat import (   make_sha,   namedtuple,   )    ZERO_SHA = "0" * 40    # Header fields for commits  _TREE_HEADER = "tree"  _PARENT_HEADER = "parent"  _AUTHOR_HEADER = "author"  _COMMITTER_HEADER = "committer"  _ENCODING_HEADER = "encoding"      # Header fields for objects  _OBJECT_HEADER = "object"  _TYPE_HEADER = "type"  _TAG_HEADER = "tag"  _TAGGER_HEADER = "tagger"      S_IFGITLINK = 0160000    def S_ISGITLINK(m):   """Check if a mode indicates a submodule.     :param m: Mode to check   :return: a ``boolean``   """   return (stat.S_IFMT(m) == S_IFGITLINK)      def _decompress(string):   dcomp = zlib.decompressobj()   dcomped = dcomp.decompress(string)   dcomped += dcomp.flush()   return dcomped      def sha_to_hex(sha):   """Takes a string and returns the hex of the sha within"""   hexsha = binascii.hexlify(sha)   assert len(hexsha) == 40, "Incorrect length of sha1 string: %d" % hexsha   return hexsha      def hex_to_sha(hex):   """Takes a hex sha and returns a binary sha"""   assert len(hex) == 40, "Incorrent length of hexsha: %s" % hex   return binascii.unhexlify(hex)      def hex_to_filename(path, hex):   """Takes a hex sha and returns its filename relative to the given path."""   dir = hex[:2]   file = hex[2:]   # Check from object dir   return os.path.join(path, dir, file)      def filename_to_hex(filename):   """Takes an object filename and returns its corresponding hex sha."""   # grab the last (up to) two path components   names = filename.rsplit(os.path.sep, 2)[-2:]   errmsg = "Invalid object filename: %s" % filename   assert len(names) == 2, errmsg   base, rest = names   assert len(base) == 2 and len(rest) == 38, errmsg   hex = base + rest   hex_to_sha(hex)   return hex      def object_header(num_type, length):   """Return an object header for the given numeric type and text length."""   return "%s %d\0" % (object_class(num_type).type_name, length)      def serializable_property(name, docstring=None):   """A property that helps tracking whether serialization is necessary.   """   def set(obj, value):   obj._ensure_parsed()   setattr(obj, "_"+name, value)   obj._needs_serialization = True   def get(obj):   obj._ensure_parsed()   return getattr(obj, "_"+name)   return property(get, set, doc=docstring)      def object_class(type):   """Get the object class corresponding to the given type.     :param type: Either a type name string or a numeric type.   :return: The ShaFile subclass corresponding to the given type, or None if   type is not a valid type name/number.   """   return _TYPE_MAP.get(type, None)      def check_hexsha(hex, error_msg):   """Check if a string is a valid hex sha string.     :param hex: Hex string to check   :param error_msg: Error message to use in exception   :raise ObjectFormatException: Raised when the string is not valid   """   try:   hex_to_sha(hex)   except (TypeError, AssertionError):   raise ObjectFormatException("%s %s" % (error_msg, hex))      def check_identity(identity, error_msg):   """Check if the specified identity is valid.     This will raise an exception if the identity is not valid.     :param identity: Identity string   :param error_msg: Error message to use in exception   """   email_start = identity.find("<")   email_end = identity.find(">")   if (email_start < 0 or email_end < 0 or email_end <= email_start   or identity.find("<", email_start + 1) >= 0   or identity.find(">", email_end + 1) >= 0   or not identity.endswith(">")):   raise ObjectFormatException(error_msg)      class FixedSha(object):   """SHA object that behaves like hashlib's but is given a fixed value."""     __slots__ = ('_hexsha', '_sha')     def __init__(self, hexsha):   self._hexsha = hexsha   self._sha = hex_to_sha(hexsha)     def digest(self):   """Return the raw SHA digest."""   return self._sha     def hexdigest(self):   """Return the hex SHA digest."""   return self._hexsha      class ShaFile(object):   """A git SHA file."""     __slots__ = ('_needs_parsing', '_chunked_text', '_file', '_path',   '_sha', '_needs_serialization', '_magic')     @staticmethod   def _parse_legacy_object_header(magic, f):   """Parse a legacy object, creating it but not reading the file."""   bufsize = 1024   decomp = zlib.decompressobj()   header = decomp.decompress(magic)   start = 0   end = -1   while end < 0:   extra = f.read(bufsize)   header += decomp.decompress(extra)   magic += extra   end = header.find("\0", start)   start = len(header)   header = header[:end]   type_name, size = header.split(" ", 1)   size = int(size) # sanity check   obj_class = object_class(type_name)   if not obj_class:   raise ObjectFormatException("Not a known type: %s" % type_name)   ret = obj_class()   ret._magic = magic   return ret     def _parse_legacy_object(self, map):   """Parse a legacy object, setting the raw string."""   text = _decompress(map)   header_end = text.find('\0')   if header_end < 0:   raise ObjectFormatException("Invalid object header, no \\0")   self.set_raw_string(text[header_end+1:])     def as_legacy_object_chunks(self):   """Return chunks representing the object in the experimental format.     :return: List of strings   """   compobj = zlib.compressobj()   yield compobj.compress(self._header())   for chunk in self.as_raw_chunks():   yield compobj.compress(chunk)   yield compobj.flush()     def as_legacy_object(self):   """Return string representing the object in the experimental format.   """   return "".join(self.as_legacy_object_chunks())     def as_raw_chunks(self):   """Return chunks with serialization of the object.     :return: List of strings, not necessarily one per line   """   if self._needs_parsing:   self._ensure_parsed()   elif self._needs_serialization:   self._chunked_text = self._serialize()   return self._chunked_text     def as_raw_string(self):   """Return raw string with serialization of the object.     :return: String object   """   return "".join(self.as_raw_chunks())     def __str__(self):   """Return raw string serialization of this object."""   return self.as_raw_string()     def __hash__(self):   """Return unique hash for this object."""   return hash(self.id)     def as_pretty_string(self):   """Return a string representing this object, fit for display."""   return self.as_raw_string()     def _ensure_parsed(self):   if self._needs_parsing:   if not self._chunked_text:   if self._file is not None:   self._parse_file(self._file)   self._file = None   elif self._path is not None:   self._parse_path()   else:   raise AssertionError(   "ShaFile needs either text or filename")   self._deserialize(self._chunked_text)   self._needs_parsing = False     def set_raw_string(self, text):   """Set the contents of this object from a serialized string."""   if type(text) != str:   raise TypeError(text)   self.set_raw_chunks([text])     def set_raw_chunks(self, chunks):   """Set the contents of this object from a list of chunks."""   self._chunked_text = chunks   self._deserialize(chunks)   self._sha = None   self._needs_parsing = False   self._needs_serialization = False     @staticmethod   def _parse_object_header(magic, f):   """Parse a new style object, creating it but not reading the file."""   num_type = (ord(magic[0]) >> 4) & 7   obj_class = object_class(num_type)   if not obj_class:   raise ObjectFormatException("Not a known type %d" % num_type)   ret = obj_class()   ret._magic = magic   return ret     def _parse_object(self, map):   """Parse a new style object, setting self._text."""   # skip type and size; type must have already been determined, and   # we trust zlib to fail if it's otherwise corrupted   byte = ord(map[0])   used = 1   while (byte & 0x80) != 0:   byte = ord(map[used])   used += 1   raw = map[used:]   self.set_raw_string(_decompress(raw))     @classmethod   def _is_legacy_object(cls, magic):   b0, b1 = map(ord, magic)   word = (b0 << 8) + b1   return (b0 & 0x8F) == 0x08 and (word % 31) == 0     @classmethod   def _parse_file_header(cls, f):   magic = f.read(2)   if cls._is_legacy_object(magic):   return cls._parse_legacy_object_header(magic, f)   else:   return cls._parse_object_header(magic, f)     def __init__(self):   """Don't call this directly"""   self._sha = None   self._path = None   self._file = None   self._magic = None   self._chunked_text = []   self._needs_parsing = False   self._needs_serialization = True     def _deserialize(self, chunks):   raise NotImplementedError(self._deserialize)     def _serialize(self):   raise NotImplementedError(self._serialize)     def _parse_path(self):   f = GitFile(self._path, 'rb')   try:   self._parse_file(f)   finally:   f.close()     def _parse_file(self, f):   magic = self._magic   if magic is None:   magic = f.read(2)   map = magic + f.read()   if self._is_legacy_object(magic[:2]):   self._parse_legacy_object(map)   else:   self._parse_object(map)     @classmethod   def from_path(cls, path):   """Open a SHA file from disk."""   f = GitFile(path, 'rb')   try:   obj = cls.from_file(f)   obj._path = path   obj._sha = FixedSha(filename_to_hex(path))   obj._file = None   obj._magic = None   return obj   finally:   f.close()     @classmethod   def from_file(cls, f):   """Get the contents of a SHA file on disk."""   try:   obj = cls._parse_file_header(f)   obj._sha = None   obj._needs_parsing = True   obj._needs_serialization = True   obj._file = f   return obj   except (IndexError, ValueError), e:   raise ObjectFormatException("invalid object header")     @staticmethod   def from_raw_string(type_num, string):   """Creates an object of the indicated type from the raw string given.     :param type_num: The numeric type of the object.   :param string: The raw uncompressed contents.   """   obj = object_class(type_num)()   obj.set_raw_string(string)   return obj     @staticmethod   def from_raw_chunks(type_num, chunks):   """Creates an object of the indicated type from the raw chunks given.     :param type_num: The numeric type of the object.   :param chunks: An iterable of the raw uncompressed contents.   """   obj = object_class(type_num)()   obj.set_raw_chunks(chunks)   return obj     @classmethod   def from_string(cls, string):   """Create a ShaFile from a string."""   obj = cls()   obj.set_raw_string(string)   return obj     def _check_has_member(self, member, error_msg):   """Check that the object has a given member variable.     :param member: the member variable to check for   :param error_msg: the message for an error if the member is missing   :raise ObjectFormatException: with the given error_msg if member is   missing or is None   """   if getattr(self, member, None) is None:   raise ObjectFormatException(error_msg)     def check(self):   """Check this object for internal consistency.     :raise ObjectFormatException: if the object is malformed in some way   :raise ChecksumMismatch: if the object was created with a SHA that does   not match its contents   """   # TODO: if we find that error-checking during object parsing is a   # performance bottleneck, those checks should be moved to the class's   # check() method during optimization so we can still check the object   # when necessary.   old_sha = self.id   try:   self._deserialize(self.as_raw_chunks())   self._sha = None   new_sha = self.id   except Exception, e:   raise ObjectFormatException(e)   if old_sha != new_sha:   raise ChecksumMismatch(new_sha, old_sha)     def _header(self):   return object_header(self.type, self.raw_length())     def raw_length(self):   """Returns the length of the raw string of this object."""   ret = 0   for chunk in self.as_raw_chunks():   ret += len(chunk)   return ret     def _make_sha(self):   ret = make_sha()   ret.update(self._header())   for chunk in self.as_raw_chunks():   ret.update(chunk)   return ret     def sha(self):   """The SHA1 object that is the name of this object."""   if self._sha is None or self._needs_serialization:   # this is a local because as_raw_chunks() overwrites self._sha   new_sha = make_sha()   new_sha.update(self._header())   for chunk in self.as_raw_chunks():   new_sha.update(chunk)   self._sha = new_sha   return self._sha     @property   def id(self):   """The hex SHA of this object."""   return self.sha().hexdigest()     def get_type(self):   """Return the type number for this object class."""   return self.type_num     def set_type(self, type):   """Set the type number for this object class."""   self.type_num = type     # DEPRECATED: use type_num or type_name as needed.   type = property(get_type, set_type)     def __repr__(self):   return "<%s %s>" % (self.__class__.__name__, self.id)     def __ne__(self, other):   return not isinstance(other, ShaFile) or self.id != other.id     def __eq__(self, other):   """Return True if the SHAs of the two objects match.     It doesn't make sense to talk about an order on ShaFiles, so we don't   override the rich comparison methods (__le__, etc.).   """   return isinstance(other, ShaFile) and self.id == other.id      class Blob(ShaFile):   """A Git Blob object."""     __slots__ = ()     type_name = 'blob'   type_num = 3     def __init__(self):   super(Blob, self).__init__()   self._chunked_text = []   self._needs_parsing = False   self._needs_serialization = False     def _get_data(self):   return self.as_raw_string()     def _set_data(self, data):   self.set_raw_string(data)     data = property(_get_data, _set_data,   "The text contained within the blob object.")     def _get_chunked(self):   self._ensure_parsed()   return self._chunked_text     def _set_chunked(self, chunks):   self._chunked_text = chunks     def _serialize(self):   if not self._chunked_text:   self._ensure_parsed()   self._needs_serialization = False   return self._chunked_text     def _deserialize(self, chunks):   self._chunked_text = chunks     chunked = property(_get_chunked, _set_chunked,   "The text within the blob object, as chunks (not necessarily lines).")     @classmethod   def from_path(cls, path):   blob = ShaFile.from_path(path)   if not isinstance(blob, cls):   raise NotBlobError(path)   return blob     def check(self):   """Check this object for internal consistency.     :raise ObjectFormatException: if the object is malformed in some way   """   super(Blob, self).check()      def _parse_tag_or_commit(text):   """Parse tag or commit text.     :param text: the raw text of the tag or commit object.   :return: iterator of tuples of (field, value), one per header line, in the   order read from the text, possibly including duplicates. Includes a   field named None for the freeform tag/commit text.   """   f = StringIO(text)   for l in f:   l = l.rstrip("\n")   if l == "":   # Empty line indicates end of headers   break   yield l.split(" ", 1)   yield (None, f.read())   f.close()      def parse_tag(text):   """Parse a tag object."""   return _parse_tag_or_commit(text)      class Tag(ShaFile):   """A Git Tag object."""     type_name = 'tag'   type_num = 4   - __slots__ = ('_tag_timezone_neg_utc', '_name', '_object_sha', + __slots__ = ('_tag_timezone_raw', '_name', '_object_sha',   '_object_class', '_tag_time', '_tag_timezone',   '_tagger', '_message')     def __init__(self):   super(Tag, self).__init__() - self._tag_timezone_neg_utc = False + self._tag_timezone_raw = None     @classmethod   def from_path(cls, filename):   tag = ShaFile.from_path(filename)   if not isinstance(tag, cls):   raise NotTagError(filename)   return tag     def check(self):   """Check this object for internal consistency.     :raise ObjectFormatException: if the object is malformed in some way   """   super(Tag, self).check()   self._check_has_member("_object_sha", "missing object sha")   self._check_has_member("_object_class", "missing object type")   self._check_has_member("_name", "missing tag name")     if not self._name:   raise ObjectFormatException("empty tag name")     check_hexsha(self._object_sha, "invalid object sha")     if getattr(self, "_tagger", None):   check_identity(self._tagger, "invalid tagger")     last = None   for field, _ in parse_tag("".join(self._chunked_text)):   if field == _OBJECT_HEADER and last is not None:   raise ObjectFormatException("unexpected object")   elif field == _TYPE_HEADER and last != _OBJECT_HEADER:   raise ObjectFormatException("unexpected type")   elif field == _TAG_HEADER and last != _TYPE_HEADER:   raise ObjectFormatException("unexpected tag name")   elif field == _TAGGER_HEADER and last != _TAG_HEADER:   raise ObjectFormatException("unexpected tagger")   last = field     def _serialize(self):   chunks = []   chunks.append("%s %s\n" % (_OBJECT_HEADER, self._object_sha))   chunks.append("%s %s\n" % (_TYPE_HEADER, self._object_class.type_name))   chunks.append("%s %s\n" % (_TAG_HEADER, self._name))   if self._tagger:   if self._tag_time is None:   chunks.append("%s %s\n" % (_TAGGER_HEADER, self._tagger))   else:   chunks.append("%s %s %d %s\n" % (   _TAGGER_HEADER, self._tagger, self._tag_time, - format_timezone(self._tag_timezone, - self._tag_timezone_neg_utc))) + self._tag_timezone_raw or format_timezone(self._tag_timezone)))   chunks.append("\n") # To close headers   chunks.append(self._message)   return chunks     def _deserialize(self, chunks):   """Grab the metadata attached to the tag"""   self._tagger = None   for field, value in parse_tag("".join(chunks)):   if field == _OBJECT_HEADER:   self._object_sha = value   elif field == _TYPE_HEADER:   obj_class = object_class(value)   if not obj_class:   raise ObjectFormatException("Not a known type: %s" % value)   self._object_class = obj_class   elif field == _TAG_HEADER:   self._name = value   elif field == _TAGGER_HEADER:   try:   sep = value.index("> ")   except ValueError:   self._tagger = value   self._tag_time = None   self._tag_timezone = None - self._tag_timezone_neg_utc = False + self._tag_timezone_raw = None   else:   self._tagger = value[0:sep+1]   try:   (timetext, timezonetext) = value[sep+2:].rsplit(" ", 1)   self._tag_time = int(timetext) - self._tag_timezone, self._tag_timezone_neg_utc = \ + self._tag_timezone, self._tag_timezone_raw = \   parse_timezone(timezonetext)   except ValueError, e:   raise ObjectFormatException(e)   elif field is None:   self._message = value   else:   raise ObjectFormatException("Unknown field %s" % field)     def _get_object(self):   """Get the object pointed to by this tag.     :return: tuple of (object class, sha).   """   self._ensure_parsed()   return (self._object_class, self._object_sha)     def _set_object(self, value):   self._ensure_parsed()   (self._object_class, self._object_sha) = value   self._needs_serialization = True     object = property(_get_object, _set_object)     name = serializable_property("name", "The name of this tag")   tagger = serializable_property("tagger",   "Returns the name of the person who created this tag")   tag_time = serializable_property("tag_time",   "The creation timestamp of the tag. As the number of seconds since the epoch")   tag_timezone = serializable_property("tag_timezone",   "The timezone that tag_time is in.")   message = serializable_property("message", "The message attached to this tag")      class TreeEntry(namedtuple('TreeEntry', ['path', 'mode', 'sha'])):   """Named tuple encapsulating a single tree entry."""     def in_path(self, path):   """Return a copy of this entry with the given path prepended."""   if type(self.path) != str:   raise TypeError   return TreeEntry(posixpath.join(path, self.path), self.mode, self.sha)      def parse_tree(text, strict=False):   """Parse a tree text.     :param text: Serialized text to parse   :return: iterator of tuples of (name, mode, sha)   :raise ObjectFormatException: if the object was malformed in some way   """   count = 0   l = len(text)   while count < l:   mode_end = text.index(' ', count)   mode_text = text[count:mode_end]   if strict and mode_text.startswith('0'):   raise ObjectFormatException("Invalid mode '%s'" % mode_text)   try:   mode = int(mode_text, 8)   except ValueError:   raise ObjectFormatException("Invalid mode '%s'" % mode_text)   name_end = text.index('\0', mode_end)   name = text[mode_end+1:name_end]   count = name_end+21   sha = text[name_end+1:count]   if len(sha) != 20:   raise ObjectFormatException("Sha has invalid length")   hexsha = sha_to_hex(sha)   yield (name, mode, hexsha)      def serialize_tree(items):   """Serialize the items in a tree to a text.     :param items: Sorted iterable over (name, mode, sha) tuples   :return: Serialized tree text as chunks   """   for name, mode, hexsha in items:   yield "%04o %s\0%s" % (mode, name, hex_to_sha(hexsha))      def sorted_tree_items(entries, name_order):   """Iterate over a tree entries dictionary.     :param name_order: If True, iterate entries in order of their name. If   False, iterate entries in tree order, that is, treat subtree entries as   having '/' appended.   :param entries: Dictionary mapping names to (mode, sha) tuples   :return: Iterator over (name, mode, hexsha)   """   cmp_func = name_order and cmp_entry_name_order or cmp_entry   for name, entry in sorted(entries.iteritems(), cmp=cmp_func):   mode, hexsha = entry   # Stricter type checks than normal to mirror checks in the C version.   if not isinstance(mode, int) and not isinstance(mode, long):   raise TypeError('Expected integer/long for mode, got %r' % mode)   mode = int(mode)   if not isinstance(hexsha, str):   raise TypeError('Expected a string for SHA, got %r' % hexsha)   yield TreeEntry(name, mode, hexsha)      def cmp_entry((name1, value1), (name2, value2)):   """Compare two tree entries in tree order."""   if stat.S_ISDIR(value1[0]):   name1 += "/"   if stat.S_ISDIR(value2[0]):   name2 += "/"   return cmp(name1, name2)      def cmp_entry_name_order(entry1, entry2):   """Compare two tree entries in name order."""   return cmp(entry1[0], entry2[0])      class Tree(ShaFile):   """A Git tree object"""     type_name = 'tree'   type_num = 2     __slots__ = ('_entries')     def __init__(self):   super(Tree, self).__init__()   self._entries = {}     @classmethod   def from_path(cls, filename):   tree = ShaFile.from_path(filename)   if not isinstance(tree, cls):   raise NotTreeError(filename)   return tree     def __contains__(self, name):   self._ensure_parsed()   return name in self._entries     def __getitem__(self, name):   self._ensure_parsed()   return self._entries[name]     def __setitem__(self, name, value):   """Set a tree entry by name.     :param name: The name of the entry, as a string.   :param value: A tuple of (mode, hexsha), where mode is the mode of the   entry as an integral type and hexsha is the hex SHA of the entry as   a string.   """   mode, hexsha = value   self._ensure_parsed()   self._entries[name] = (mode, hexsha)   self._needs_serialization = True     def __delitem__(self, name):   self._ensure_parsed()   del self._entries[name]   self._needs_serialization = True     def __len__(self):   self._ensure_parsed()   return len(self._entries)     def __iter__(self):   self._ensure_parsed()   return iter(self._entries)     def add(self, name, mode, hexsha):   """Add an entry to the tree.     :param mode: The mode of the entry as an integral type. Not all   possible modes are supported by git; see check() for details.   :param name: The name of the entry, as a string.   :param hexsha: The hex SHA of the entry as a string.   """   if type(name) is int and type(mode) is str:   (name, mode) = (mode, name)   warnings.warn("Please use Tree.add(name, mode, hexsha)",   category=DeprecationWarning, stacklevel=2)   self._ensure_parsed()   self._entries[name] = mode, hexsha   self._needs_serialization = True     def entries(self):   """Return a list of tuples describing the tree entries.     :note: The order of the tuples that are returned is different from that   returned by the items and iteritems methods. This function will be   deprecated in the future.   """   warnings.warn("Tree.entries() is deprecated. Use Tree.items() or"   " Tree.iteritems() instead.", category=DeprecationWarning,   stacklevel=2)   self._ensure_parsed()   # The order of this is different from iteritems() for historical   # reasons   return [   (mode, name, hexsha) for (name, mode, hexsha) in self.iteritems()]     def iteritems(self, name_order=False):   """Iterate over entries.     :param name_order: If True, iterate in name order instead of tree order.   :return: Iterator over (name, mode, sha) tuples   """   self._ensure_parsed()   return sorted_tree_items(self._entries, name_order)     def items(self):   """Return the sorted entries in this tree.     :return: List with (name, mode, sha) tuples   """   return list(self.iteritems())     def _deserialize(self, chunks):   """Grab the entries in the tree"""   try:   parsed_entries = parse_tree("".join(chunks))   except ValueError, e:   raise ObjectFormatException(e)   # TODO: list comprehension is for efficiency in the common (small) case;   # if memory efficiency in the large case is a concern, use a genexp.   self._entries = dict([(n, (m, s)) for n, m, s in parsed_entries])     def check(self):   """Check this object for internal consistency.     :raise ObjectFormatException: if the object is malformed in some way   """   super(Tree, self).check()   last = None   allowed_modes = (stat.S_IFREG | 0755, stat.S_IFREG | 0644,   stat.S_IFLNK, stat.S_IFDIR, S_IFGITLINK,   # TODO: optionally exclude as in git fsck --strict   stat.S_IFREG | 0664)   for name, mode, sha in parse_tree(''.join(self._chunked_text),   True):   check_hexsha(sha, 'invalid sha %s' % sha)   if '/' in name or name in ('', '.', '..'):   raise ObjectFormatException('invalid name %s' % name)     if mode not in allowed_modes:   raise ObjectFormatException('invalid mode %06o' % mode)     entry = (name, (mode, sha))   if last:   if cmp_entry(last, entry) > 0:   raise ObjectFormatException('entries not sorted')   if name == last[0]:   raise ObjectFormatException('duplicate entry %s' % name)   last = entry     def _serialize(self):   return list(serialize_tree(self.iteritems()))     def as_pretty_string(self):   text = []   for name, mode, hexsha in self.iteritems():   if mode & stat.S_IFDIR:   kind = "tree"   else:   kind = "blob"   text.append("%04o %s %s\t%s\n" % (mode, kind, hexsha, name))   return "".join(text)     def lookup_path(self, lookup_obj, path):   """Look up an object in a Git tree.     :param lookup_obj: Callback for retrieving object by SHA1   :param path: Path to lookup   :return: A tuple of (mode, SHA) of the resulting path.   """   parts = path.split('/')   sha = self.id   mode = None   for p in parts:   if not p:   continue   obj = lookup_obj(sha)   if not isinstance(obj, Tree):   raise NotTreeError(sha)   mode, sha = obj[p]   return mode, sha      def parse_timezone(text):   """Parse a timezone text fragment (e.g. '+0100').     :param text: Text to parse.   :return: Tuple with timezone as seconds difference to UTC   and a boolean indicating whether this was a UTC timezone   prefixed with a negative sign (-0000).   """   # cgit parses the first character as the sign, and the rest   # as an integer (using strtol), which could also be negative.   # We do the same for compatibility. See #697828.   if not text[0] in '+-':   raise ValueError("Timezone must start with + or - (%(text)s)" % vars())   sign = text[0]   offset = int(text[1:])   if sign == '-':   offset = -offset   unnecessary_negative_timezone = (offset >= 0 and sign == '-')   signum = (offset < 0) and -1 or 1   offset = abs(offset)   hours = int(offset / 100)   minutes = (offset % 100) - return (signum * (hours * 3600 + minutes * 60), - unnecessary_negative_timezone) + raw = None + parsed = signum * (hours * 3600 + minutes * 60) + if unnecessary_negative_timezone or text != format_timezone(parsed): + raw = text + return (parsed, raw)      def format_timezone(offset, unnecessary_negative_timezone=False):   """Format a timezone for Git serialization.     :param offset: Timezone offset as seconds difference to UTC   :param unnecessary_negative_timezone: Whether to use a minus sign for   UTC or positive timezones (-0000 and --700 rather than +0000 / +0700).   """   if offset % 60 != 0:   raise ValueError("Unable to handle non-minute offset.")   if offset < 0 or unnecessary_negative_timezone:   sign = '-'   offset = -offset   else:   sign = '+'   return '%c%02d%02d' % (sign, offset / 3600, (offset / 60) % 60)      def parse_commit(text):   return _parse_tag_or_commit(text)      class Commit(ShaFile):   """A git commit object"""     type_name = 'commit'   type_num = 1   - __slots__ = ('_parents', '_encoding', '_extra', '_author_timezone_neg_utc', - '_commit_timezone_neg_utc', '_commit_time', + __slots__ = ('_parents', '_encoding', '_extra', '_author_timezone_raw', + '_commit_timezone_raw', '_commit_time',   '_author_time', '_author_timezone', '_commit_timezone',   '_author', '_committer', '_parents', '_extra',   '_encoding', '_tree', '_message')     def __init__(self):   super(Commit, self).__init__()   self._parents = []   self._encoding = None   self._extra = [] - self._author_timezone_neg_utc = False - self._commit_timezone_neg_utc = False + self._author_timezone_raw = None + self._commit_timezone_raw = None     @classmethod   def from_path(cls, path):   commit = ShaFile.from_path(path)   if not isinstance(commit, cls):   raise NotCommitError(path)   return commit     def _deserialize(self, chunks):   self._parents = []   self._extra = []   self._author = None   for field, value in parse_commit(''.join(chunks)):   if field == _TREE_HEADER:   self._tree = value   elif field == _PARENT_HEADER:   self._parents.append(value)   elif field == _AUTHOR_HEADER:   self._author, timetext, timezonetext = value.rsplit(" ", 2)   self._author_time = int(timetext) - self._author_timezone, self._author_timezone_neg_utc =\ + self._author_timezone, self._author_timezone_raw =\   parse_timezone(timezonetext)   elif field == _COMMITTER_HEADER:   self._committer, timetext, timezonetext = value.rsplit(" ", 2)   self._commit_time = int(timetext) - self._commit_timezone, self._commit_timezone_neg_utc =\ + self._commit_timezone, self._commit_timezone_raw =\   parse_timezone(timezonetext)   elif field == _ENCODING_HEADER:   self._encoding = value   elif field is None:   self._message = value   else:   self._extra.append((field, value))     def check(self):   """Check this object for internal consistency.     :raise ObjectFormatException: if the object is malformed in some way   """   super(Commit, self).check()   self._check_has_member("_tree", "missing tree")   self._check_has_member("_author", "missing author")   self._check_has_member("_committer", "missing committer")   # times are currently checked when set     for parent in self._parents:   check_hexsha(parent, "invalid parent sha")   check_hexsha(self._tree, "invalid tree sha")     check_identity(self._author, "invalid author")   check_identity(self._committer, "invalid committer")     last = None   for field, _ in parse_commit("".join(self._chunked_text)):   if field == _TREE_HEADER and last is not None:   raise ObjectFormatException("unexpected tree")   elif field == _PARENT_HEADER and last not in (_PARENT_HEADER,   _TREE_HEADER):   raise ObjectFormatException("unexpected parent")   elif field == _AUTHOR_HEADER and last not in (_TREE_HEADER,   _PARENT_HEADER):   raise ObjectFormatException("unexpected author")   elif field == _COMMITTER_HEADER and last != _AUTHOR_HEADER:   raise ObjectFormatException("unexpected committer")   elif field == _ENCODING_HEADER and last != _COMMITTER_HEADER:   raise ObjectFormatException("unexpected encoding")   last = field     # TODO: optionally check for duplicate parents     def _serialize(self):   chunks = []   chunks.append("%s %s\n" % (_TREE_HEADER, self._tree))   for p in self._parents:   chunks.append("%s %s\n" % (_PARENT_HEADER, p))   chunks.append("%s %s %s %s\n" % (   _AUTHOR_HEADER, self._author, str(self._author_time), - format_timezone(self._author_timezone, - self._author_timezone_neg_utc))) + self._author_timezone_raw or format_timezone(self._author_timezone)))   chunks.append("%s %s %s %s\n" % (   _COMMITTER_HEADER, self._committer, str(self._commit_time), - format_timezone(self._commit_timezone, - self._commit_timezone_neg_utc))) + self._commit_timezone_raw or format_timezone(self._commit_timezone)))   if self.encoding:   chunks.append("%s %s\n" % (_ENCODING_HEADER, self.encoding))   for k, v in self.extra:   if "\n" in k or "\n" in v:   raise AssertionError("newline in extra data: %r -> %r" % (k, v))   chunks.append("%s %s\n" % (k, v))   chunks.append("\n") # There must be a new line after the headers   chunks.append(self._message)   return chunks     tree = serializable_property("tree", "Tree that is the state of this commit")     def _get_parents(self):   """Return a list of parents of this commit."""   self._ensure_parsed()   return self._parents     def _set_parents(self, value):   """Set a list of parents of this commit."""   self._ensure_parsed()   self._needs_serialization = True   self._parents = value     parents = property(_get_parents, _set_parents)     def _get_extra(self):   """Return extra settings of this commit."""   self._ensure_parsed()   return self._extra     extra = property(_get_extra)     author = serializable_property("author",   "The name of the author of the commit")     committer = serializable_property("committer",   "The name of the committer of the commit")     message = serializable_property("message",   "The commit message")     commit_time = serializable_property("commit_time",   "The timestamp of the commit. As the number of seconds since the epoch.")     commit_timezone = serializable_property("commit_timezone",   "The zone the commit time is in")   + commit_timezone_raw = serializable_property("commit_timezone_raw", + "The raw zone the commit time is in, if reserializing the parsed" + "offset would result in a different value; otherwise, None") +   author_time = serializable_property("author_time",   "The timestamp the commit was written. as the number of seconds since the epoch.")     author_timezone = serializable_property("author_timezone",   "Returns the zone the author time is in.") + + author_timezone_raw = serializable_property("author_timezone_raw", + "The raw zone the author time is in, if reserializing the parsed" + "offset would result in a different value; otherwise, None")     encoding = serializable_property("encoding",   "Encoding of the commit message.")      OBJECT_CLASSES = (   Commit,   Tree,   Blob,   Tag,   )    _TYPE_MAP = {}    for cls in OBJECT_CLASSES:   _TYPE_MAP[cls.type_name] = cls   _TYPE_MAP[cls.type_num] = cls        # Hold on to the pure-python implementations for testing  _parse_tree_py = parse_tree  _sorted_tree_items_py = sorted_tree_items  try:   # Try to import C versions   from dulwich._objects import parse_tree, sorted_tree_items  except ImportError:   pass
 
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@@ -728,10 +728,10 @@
 class TimezoneTests(TestCase):     def test_parse_timezone_utc(self): - self.assertEqual((0, False), parse_timezone("+0000")) + self.assertEqual((0, None), parse_timezone("+0000"))     def test_parse_timezone_utc_negative(self): - self.assertEqual((0, True), parse_timezone("-0000")) + self.assertEqual((0, "-0000"), parse_timezone("-0000"))     def test_generate_timezone_utc(self):   self.assertEqual("+0000", format_timezone(0)) @@ -740,7 +740,7 @@
  self.assertEqual("-0000", format_timezone(0, True))     def test_parse_timezone_cet(self): - self.assertEqual((60 * 60, False), parse_timezone("+0100")) + self.assertEqual((60 * 60, None), parse_timezone("+0100"))     def test_format_timezone_cet(self):   self.assertEqual("+0100", format_timezone(60 * 60)) @@ -749,7 +749,7 @@
  self.assertEqual("-0400", format_timezone(-4 * 60 * 60))     def test_parse_timezone_pdt(self): - self.assertEqual((-4 * 60 * 60, False), parse_timezone("-0400")) + self.assertEqual((-4 * 60 * 60, None), parse_timezone("-0400"))     def test_format_timezone_pdt_half(self):   self.assertEqual("-0440", @@ -760,11 +760,11 @@
  format_timezone(int(((7 * 60)) * 60), True))     def test_parse_timezone_pdt_half(self): - self.assertEqual((((-4 * 60) - 40) * 60, False), + self.assertEqual((((-4 * 60) - 40) * 60, None),   parse_timezone("-0440"))     def test_parse_timezone_double_negative(self):   self.assertEqual( - (int(((7 * 60)) * 60), False), parse_timezone("+700")) + (int(((7 * 60)) * 60), "+700"), parse_timezone("+700"))   self.assertEqual( - (int(((7 * 60)) * 60), True), parse_timezone("--700")) + (int(((7 * 60)) * 60), "--700"), parse_timezone("--700"))